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department of electrical, electronics & batteries

Electrical, electronics & battery failure analysis.

Arc flash events, battery fires, and board-level failures rarely announce their cause. We determine it from the physical evidence — independently, and to a standard that holds up in court.

get started

What failed?

Start a conversation with our AI Research Concierge, already scoped to electrical, electronics & batteries. Select a specialization to prompt it, or describe your situation directly.

AI Research Conciergeelectrical, electronics & batteries · triage, not a substitute for an expert
Tell me what failed and I'll help scope it — the likely mechanisms, what to preserve, and which expert fits. I won't give the formal analysis here.

Electrical failures are unusually good at destroying their own evidence. An arc consumes the conductor that started it; a thermal runaway burns the cell that initiated it; a cracked solder joint conducts perfectly until the moment it does not. That is precisely why these investigations demand method rather than intuition — and why the order of examination matters as much as the tools. This department covers the failure modes where current, heat, and materials interact, from a 480 V switchgear arc down to an intermetallic layer a few micrometres thick.

specialization areas

Specialization areas in this department.

Each specialization area covers a distinct failure mechanism with its own physics, examination protocol, and governing standards. Start with the one that matches your incident.

methodology

How this department investigates.

Electrical investigations are sequenced so that each step preserves the evidence the next one depends on. Non-destructive work always precedes destructive work.

Non-destructive imagingX-ray and CT to locate internal damage, voids, and fracture paths before anything is disassembled.
SEM / EDS microscopyImaging and elemental analysis of arc residue, contaminants, intermetallics, and fracture surfaces.
Thermal characterizationCalorimetry, thermal imaging, and melting-point evidence to reconstruct temperatures reached.
Electrical data recoveryBMS logs, event recorders, protective-relay records, and controller data reconstructing conditions before failure.
Documented teardownStaged disassembly under chain of custody, preserving the spatial story of the failure.
Materials & chemistryComposition, plating, coating, and alloy verification against the design specification.
news & insights

News & insights from this department.

Technical briefings and case analyses on electrical, electronics, and battery failures — written by the people who investigate them.

all electrical, electronics & batteries insights
common questions

Electrical failure analysis — the questions we hear.

How can anyone determine the cause when the evidence burned?

Fire and arcing consume material but they also leave a great deal behind — arc melting patterns, oxide and spatter deposits, conductor bead morphology, thermal gradients across a board, and the distribution of damage in an enclosure. Arc-damaged copper looks materially different from copper melted by an external fire, and that distinction alone often separates cause from consequence.

What should we preserve after an electrical incident?

Everything in the affected circuit path, not only the obviously damaged part: the device, the conductors, the connectors, the overcurrent protection, and any control or logging hardware. Do not re-energize, clean, cut conductors, or discard breakers and fuses — their internal state is often decisive evidence.

Can you tell whether a failure was a defect or misuse?

Frequently, yes. Defect signatures tend to be intrinsic and localized — a contaminant particle, a plating discontinuity, an inadequate creepage distance. Misuse and overload leave distributed evidence consistent with conditions outside the design envelope. The distinction is drawn from physical evidence read against the design specification and applicable standards, and it is usually the question with the most money attached.

Which standards apply to these investigations?

It depends on the failure. Arc flash work commonly references NFPA 70E and IEEE 1584; battery and cell work references UL 1642, UL 2054, IEC 62133, and UN 38.3 for transport; electronics assembly work references IPC-A-610 and IPC-7095 for BGA. Fire origin-and-cause investigations follow NFPA 921.

Something electrical failed. Find out why.

Describe the incident. We will scope it and connect you with the right expert — usually within one business day.

failure-analysis assistanttriage · not a substitute for an expert
Tell me what failed and I'll help scope it — the likely mechanisms, what to preserve, and which expert fits. I won't give the formal analysis here.